History

Octavian and Mark Antony: Was Cleopatra Behind the Conflict Between the Two Consuls?

Was Cleopatra the cause of the conflict between these two consuls, both eager to become the masters of Rome? Historians are divided. The only certainty is that this rivalry hastened both their downfall and the end of pharaonic Egypt.

By Hrothsige Frithowulf
battle of actium
The Battle of Actium, on September 2, 31 BC, was a victory for Octavian. He built his empire on this defeat of Mark Antony and Cleopatra (18th-century English painting).