Human Immunity Is Partly Inherited From Bacteria

The human innate immune system relies on proteins that are strikingly similar to those involved in bacterial antiviral defense. This…

What Coffee Really Does to Our Brains at Night

Every night, our brain reorganizes itself to consolidate memory and restore cognitive functions. But when caffeine is present in the…

Why Morning Coffee Really Does Make You Happier, According to Science

While 80% of adults consume caffeinated beverages daily, scientists are beginning to better understand the links between these habits and…

What Causes Brain Freeze?

A pounding headache or pain radiating through your skull when eating ice cream or drinking an ice-cold beverage is likely…

The World as Seen by Europeans Before 1492

Their worldview was influenced by Classical sources (like Ptolemy), Christian theology, and explorers' reports, leading to a mix of accurate…